comparative personality traits of temperament and character, psychopathology, and onset age of smoking in predicting opiate dependence

introduction : according to drug gateway theory, smoking cigarette, especially, low onset age of smoking, is one of the risk factors for future use. objective the present study deals with comparison of nicotine addicts and opiate addicts in order to identify that what differences in personality traits and onset age of smoking exist in these two groups that cause some individuals to appeal to other substances after starting to use cigarette. methods: two groups of opiate addicts and nicotine addicts were randomly selected. revised version of cloninger’s temperament  inventory questionnaire, fagrastrom’s nicotine dependence and maudsley’s addiction profile were used. this study length 10 month. anova and logistic reg